
When you are sorrowful look again in your heart, and you shall see that in truth you are weeping for that which has been your delight.
~Kahlil Gibran
This is my favorite quote about grief. For indeed, why would we mourn the loss of something that gave us only conflict and distress. We grieve that to which we have connected emotionally; that which has made our lives richer and more fulfilling. But being aware of the process of grief helps us to understand it and, perhaps, move through it more easily.
Back in 1969, Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross wrote her landmark work about the grief experience, On Death and Dying (MacMillan Publishing, 1970). She had been working for a number of years as a physician with terminally ill patients. Over the years of observing the ill from the point of their initial diagnosis through the time of their death, she identified five steps that persons with terminal illness experience in coming to terms with their illness. These five steps or stages, as they came to be called, came to be known as the grief process.
Upon being apprised of their fate, and the likelihood of their death, most patients would initially react with Denial. This was often exhibited by statements such as, “I’m not going to die,” “They’ll find a cure,” and “I’m going to beat this disease.” It was also marked by a state of numbness or shock at the findings, and a refusal to accept the finality and inevitability of the result.
After the denial stage came Anger at their fate. Now realizing what would likely happen, many would rail, “This isn’t fair!” and “Why did this have to happen to me?” Bitterness and resentment often accompanied this stage.
Following anger came a Bargaining stage. Patients would attempt to bargain for a more promising outcome, often turning to God as the object of their pleas. Statements such as “I will do anything if you only make me well,” “I will be the most devout Christian (Catholic, Jew, etc) in the world if you make me well,” and “I will go to Church every Sunday,” and the like are not uncommon at this stage of the process. Patients seem not to understand the futility of their requests because they have not yet reached the state of accepting their illness and its likely outcome.
As bargaining subsides, Depression and Withdrawal take over. Along with a depressed mood and melancholy, this stage also includes the beginning of the withdrawal from persons, places and things in which the patient had previously been invested. Things that used to matter a great deal do not provoke the same reactions as they formerly did at this point.
This pulling away from things that used to be important to the patient is the beginning of the final stage, Acceptance. At this point the patient begins to accept her fate and may begin to find some peace in it, if she lives long enough to have worked through the stages to this point. Persons who move very quickly from diagnosis to death may not have sufficient time to work through all five stages. Entry into this stage may become apparent if the person begins to discuss the outcome with others or to plan for “after I’m gone.”
Persons may cycle through the stages several times before achieving acceptance and can get stuck in one stage or several. The most typical sticking points are anger and depression because they are painful to move through. The temptation is to “stuff” or medicate these uncomfortable feelings, rather than to face them. But everyone experiencing this type of loss begins with some level of denial and, if they work through the entire process, ends with acceptance.
Some years later it was discovered that persons experienced this same process whenever they faced any significant loss in their lives. Researchers discovered that it did not matter if the loss was their own life, as in the patients with whom Kubler-Ross worked, or if it was the loss of a parent, child, sibling or spouse whether the loss occurred through divorce or the loss of a home of job they loved. Even the loss of a pet could initiate the grieving process.
Whenever we have a new loss, to a certain extent all unresolved losses we have experienced but not completely worked through get brought to the surface. It is helpful to think back over your life and your losses and if there are any on which you have some work left to do, spend some time doing so now before life hands you another challenge. Talk to a therapist or a good friend, do some journaling or just give some serious thought to the loss and the stages of grieving it. Recall what you are missing the most in regard to the loss. Then you will be in the best place to cope with whatever life throws your way.